APOD250727 水火山上空的闪电
水火山上空的闪电
图像提供: Sergio Montúfar[1] (Pinceladas Nocturnas[2])
英文原文:Explanation: Have you ever watched a lightning storm in awe? You're not alone. Details of what causes lightning are still being researched , but it is known that inside some clouds, internal updrafts cause collisions between ice and snow that slowly separate charges between cloud tops and bottoms The rapid electrical discharges that are lightning soon result. Lightning usually takes a jagged course, rapidly heating a thin column of air to about three times the surface temperature of the Sun . The resulting shock wave starts supersonically and decays into the loud sound known as thunder . On average, around the world, about 6,000 lightning bolts occur between clouds and the Earth every minute. Pictured in July 2019 in a two-image composite, lightning stems from communication antennas near the top of Volcán de Agua (Volcano of Water) in Guatemala . Sky Surprise: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday? (post 1995) 说明: 你是否曾敬畏莫名的看着雷暴系统吗? 其实上,许多人都有过相同的感受。 虽然闪电[3]的详细成因仍在研究中[4], 但我们知道在某些云层内部,上升气流会导致冰晶和雪粒[5]互相碰撞 ,进而在云顶与云底之间逐渐造成电荷分离[6],最终产生瞬间[7]的放电现象,也就是我们熟悉的闪电[8]。 闪电[9]通常沿着锯齿状、曲折不规则的路径迅速前进,并将信道内空气瞬间[10]加热至约为太阳[11]表面三倍的高温。 剧烈且急促的加热所产生的震波[12]自信道中骤然爆发,以超音速[13]穿过空气,最终化作为轰然[14]雷[15]鸣[16]回荡天际。 据估计,全球平均每分钟约有6,000次闪电[17]在云层与地球[18]之间发生。 这张主题图像[19]叠合自2019年7月拍摄的二张相片,画面中划破夜空的闪电,则始于瓜地[20]马拉[21]的水火山[22](Volcán de Agua)山顶附近的通信天线。
天际惊奇: What picture did APOD feature on your birthday?[23] (post 1995)
明日的图片: asteroid explosion[24]
Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff[25] (MTU[26]) & Jerry Bonnell[27] (UMCP[28])
NASA Official: Amber Straughn Specific rights apply[29].
NASA Web Privacy[30], Accessibility[31], Notices[32];
A service of: ASD[33] at NASA[34] / GSFC[35],
NASA Science Activation[36]
& Michigan Tech. U.[37]
太空天文实验室(成功大学物理系)
编辑:林昱丞[38]
[1]https://www.flickr.com/people/m_acubens/
[2]https://www.flickr.com/photos/m_acubens/
[3]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning
[4]https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/topics/atmosphere/lightning/history
[5]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240121.html
[6]https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19880001070
[7]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap210104.html
[8]https://ghrc.nsstc.nasa.gov/lightning/
[9]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sn65RFvJKnk
[10]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgurite
[11]https://science.nasa.gov/sun/
[12]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240104.html
[13]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070819.html
[14]https://ih1.redbubble.net/image.4790337142.9753/flat,750x,075,f-pad,750x1000,f8f8f8.jpg
[15]https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Spinoff2005/ch_5.html
[16]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap100427.html
[17]https://www.lightningmaps.org/?lang=en#m=oss;t=3;s=0;o=0;b=;ts=0;
[18]https://science.nasa.gov/earth/facts/
[19]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z2zjDdS3NzQ
[20]https://youtu.be/SfPbWdmvZRU
[21]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala
[22]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n_de_Agua
[23]https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/calendar/allyears.html
[24]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250728.html
[25]http://www.phy.mtu.edu/faculty/Nemiroff.html
[27]https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/jbonnell/www/bonnell.html
[29]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/about_apod.html#srapply
[30]https://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/HP_Privacy.html
[31]https://www.nasa.gov/general/accessibility/
[32]https://www.nasa.gov/privacy/
[33]https://astrophysics.gsfc.nasa.gov/
[35]https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/
[36]https://science.nasa.gov/learners
[38]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/l28091033@gs.ncku.edu.tw
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250727.html
http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap250727.html