APOD250903 非洲星云中的Cir X-1喷流
非洲星云中的Cir X-1喷流
图像提供: J. English[1] (U. Manitoba[2]) & K. Gasealahwe[3] (U. Cape Town[4]), SARAO[5], MeerKAT[6], ThunderKAT[7]; Science: K. Gasealahwe, K. Savard[8] (U. Oxford[9]) et al.[10]; 文稿: J. English & K. Savard
英文原文:Explanation: How soon do jets form when a supernova gives birth to a neutron star? The Africa Nebula provides clues. This supernova remnant surrounds Circinus X-1 , an X-ray emitting neutron star and the companion star it orbits. The image, from the ThunderKAT collaboration on the MeerKAT radio telescope situated in South Africa , shows the bright core-and-lobe structure of Cir X-1 ’s currently active jets inside the nebula. A mere 4600 years old, Cir X-1 could be the "Little Sister" of microquasar SS 433 *. However, the newly discovered bubble exiting from a ring-like hole in the upper right of the nebula, along with a ring to the bottom left, demonstrate that other jets previously existed. Computer simulations indicate those jets formed within 100 years of the explosion and lasted up to 1000 years. Surprisingly , to create the observed bubble, the jets need to be more powerful than young neutron star s were previously thought to produce. Open Science: Browse 3,700+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library 说明: 「非洲星云」(Africa Nebula)为天文学家揭示了超新星爆炸后的神秘演化过程。这个壮丽的超新星残骸[11]包围着发出强烈X 射线[12]的中子星[13]——圆规座 X-1[14](Circinus X-1)及其伴星。 这张图像由南非[15]的MeerKAT[16]电波望远镜拍摄,属于「ThunderKAT[17]」合作计划的一部分。画面中可见 Cir X-1[18] 当前活跃的喷流[19],在星云内形成明亮的内核与对称的双叶结构。这颗天体的年龄仅约 4,600 年,可视为「微类星体[20]」SS 433[21] 的「年轻姊妹」。 令人惊讶的是,研究团队在星云右上方的环状结构中发现了逸出的新气泡,而左下方也存在另一个相似环圈,暗示 Cir X-1 在早期可能曾产生过不同世代的喷流。 根据最新电脑仿真[22],那些早期喷流可能在超新星爆炸[23]后短短 100 年内便已形成,并持续活动约 1,000 年。令人意外的是[24],要产生如今观测到的气泡结构,这些喷流必须比过去天文学家认为的年轻中子星[25]所能释放的能量更为强大。 这项发现不仅揭示了喷流可能在中子星诞生后极早期即出现,也为了解超新星爆炸后恒星遗骸的形成与演化,提供了珍贵的新线索。
Open Science: Browse 3,700+ codes in the Astrophysics Source Code Library[26]
明日的图片: open space[27]
Authors & editors: Robert Nemiroff[28] (MTU[29]) & Jerry Bonnell[30] (UMCP[31])
NASA Official: Amber Straughn Specific rights apply[32].
NASA Web Privacy[33], Accessibility[34], Notices[35];
A service of: ASD[36] at NASA[37] / GSFC[38],
NASA Science Activation[39]
& Michigan Tech. U.[40]
太空天文实验室(成功大学物理系)
编辑:林昱丞[41]
[1]http://www2.physics.umanitoba.ca/u/english/
[2]https://umanitoba.ca/science/physics-and-astronomy
[3]https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kelebogile-Gasealahwe
[4]https://science.uct.ac.za/departments/astronomy
[6]https://www.sarao.ac.za/science/meerkat/
[7]https://science.uct.ac.za/thunderkat
[8]https://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/our-people/Savard
[9]https://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/
[10]https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22998
[11]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova_remnant
[12]https://science.nasa.gov/ems/11_xrays/
[13]https://science.nasa.gov/universe/neutron-stars-are-weird/
[14]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap150805.html
[15]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa
[16]https://www.sarao.ac.za/science/meerkat/
[17]https://science.uct.ac.za/thunderkat/about-us/project
[18]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circinus_X-1
[19]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap230919.html
[20]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microquasar
[21]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap200831.html
[22]https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2025MNRAS.541.4011G/abstract
[23]https://youtu.be/wymMn-SmALY
[24]https://www.reddit.com/media?url=https%3A%2F%2Fi.redd.it%2F2oy3au68a8511.jpg
[25]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_star
[27]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250904.html
[28]http://www.phy.mtu.edu/faculty/Nemiroff.html
[30]https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/jbonnell/www/bonnell.html
[32]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/about_apod.html#srapply
[33]https://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/HP_Privacy.html
[34]https://www.nasa.gov/general/accessibility/
[35]https://www.nasa.gov/privacy/
[36]https://astrophysics.gsfc.nasa.gov/
[38]https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/
[39]https://science.nasa.gov/learners
[41]http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/l28091033@gs.ncku.edu.tw
http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250903.html
http://sprite.phys.ncku.edu.tw/astrolab/mirrors/apod/ap250903.html