小院日记，译趣贴
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LorneZhou走咯 2024-08-25 18:29:54[楼主]341楼
"Pastoral"这个词在西方文化和宗教中具有深厚的含义，它源自拉丁语"pastor"，意为"牧羊人"。在基督教中，"pastoral"特指与牧师或教牧人员相关的工作，如提供精神指导和关怀。在《圣经》的语境中，"pastoral"可能与牧师对羊群（即信徒）的照顾和喂养有关，这反映了基督教将信徒比作羊群，牧师则是负责引导和照顾他们的牧羊人。
在《圣经》中，虽然没有直接提到"pastoral"这个词，但与之相关的主题和概念贯穿于多个章节。例如，在《诗篇》23篇中，有描述耶和华作为"我的牧者"，这体现了牧师对信徒的关怀和引导。此外，耶稣在《新约》中也常被称为"好牧人"，愿意为羊群牺牲自己。这些比喻和象征都与"pastoral"一词的精神相符合。
在现代英语中，"pastoral"一词也广泛用于描述与乡村、田园或牧羊相关的事物，它可以指一种宁静、自然的生活方式，或是与农业和畜牧业相关的活动。在教育领域，"pastoral care"（教牧关怀）指的是对学生的全面关怀，包括他们的身心健康、社交发展和情感需求
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
LorneZhou (走咯 ) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
刚发现氯雷他定的开头也是
lora
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"Cognate"和"cognition"这两个词看起来相似，但它们的相似性并不是偶然的，而是基于拉丁语的词根和构词法。这两个词都与"知道"或"认识"的概念有关，但它们在用法和含义上有所不同。
1. **Cognate**：
- 这个词来自拉丁语"cognatus"，意思是"亲戚"或"已知的"。
- 在现代英语中，"cognate"有两个主要含义：
☑○✄▶·············☑○✄▶······· - 指来自同一语言或有共同起源的词（例如，英语中的"mother"和德语中的"Mutter"）。
- 指生物学分类中相似但不同种类的生物。☑○✄▶·············☑○✄▶·······☑○✄▶·············☑○✄▶·······
2. **Cognition**：
- 这个词来自拉丁语"cognoscere"，意为"知道"或"认识"。
- 在现代英语中，"cognition"通常指思考的过程，包括理解、感知、学习和记忆等心理功能
a taxonomic hierarchy of phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
门、纲、目、科、属、种的分类体系
紫穗槐属的任何一种植物，具有奇数羽状叶和紫色穗状花
A precedes B in the alphabet.
字母表上A在B的前面
A major precedes a captain in rank.
少校军阶高于上尉
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我永远记不起来背单词。
atonement is null.
stop it .
……
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故人重逢。
突然觉得太吵闹
于是关闭了网络。
洗澡。
然后……发生了一些意外。
但关闭网络是正确的。
明天做蔬菜汤。
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我永远记不起来背单词。
atonement is null.
stop it .
……
- 1724951337381.jpg(5.3MB)
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l love how your character backs off slowly realizing that maria is taller than him and out of his league
"A corpse...should be left well alone" yeah if only a certain YouTuber knew that
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Reasons why this is one of best fights in Soulsborne series:
Dl.
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S
LorneZhou (泳浴河水) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
故人重逢。
突然觉得太吵闹
于是关闭了网络。
……
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compel implies an external force; it may be a persuasive urging from another person or a constraining reason or circumstance: Bad health compelled him to resign.
impel suggests an internal motivation deriving either from a moral constraint or personal feeling: Guilt impelled him to offer money.、、、
除了 "Schadenfreude" 之外，还有许多德语词汇在英语中被广泛接受和使用，以下是一些例子：Kindergarten - 幼儿园，源自德语中的“Kinder”（孩子们）和“Garten”（花园）。Gesundheit - 健康，在别人打喷嚏时说出，类似于英语中的“Bless you”。Rucksack - 背包，源自德语的“Ruck”（背）和“Sack”（包）。Wanderlust - 旅游的渴望，结合了“wandern”（漫游）和“Lust”（欲望）。Zugzwang - 着棋强迫症，来自“Zug”（移动）和“Zwang”（强迫）。Angst - 深层的焦虑或不安感，比普通的“anxiety”更强烈。Poltergeist - 捣蛋鬼，指在房间里造成各种声响和混乱的鬼魂。Realpolitik - 现实政治，强调实用主义和现实主义的政治手段。Doppelganger - 二重身，指一个人的外表和另一个人极其相似。Leitmotiv - 主题音乐，常用于描述音乐或文学作品中反复出现的主题。Zeitgeist - 时代精神，描述一个时代普遍的文化、道德和思想趋势。
这些词汇在英语中的应用体现了德语对英语的深远影响，尤其在特定的领域如心理学、哲学和音乐等。通过了解这些词汇的来源和它们在英语中的应用，可以更好地理解语言之间的共通性和差异性。
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我永远记不起来背单词。
atonement is null.
stop it .
……
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[schadenfreude;be glad when sb. is in difficulty;take pleasure in other's misfortune] 对别人遭遇的灾祸感到高兴
若居承平之世,睥睨宫闱,幸灾乐祸、首为逆乱。——北齐· 颜之推《颜氏家训》
students often write dull, second-hand, discursive prose.
学生们写的文章往往枯燥乏味、缺乏新意、东扯西拉
the attempt to transform utterances from one discursive context to another.
将讲话从一种论述背景转换到另一种的努力。
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我永远记不起来背单词。
atonement is null.
stop it .
……
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妈耶
今晚发生了好多吓人的事。
LorneZhou (泳浴河水) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
[schadenfreude;be glad when sb. is in difficulty;take pleasure in other's misfortune] 对别人遭遇的灾祸感到高兴
若居承平之世,睥睨宫闱,幸灾乐祸、首为逆乱。——北齐· 颜之推《颜氏家训》
students often write dull, second-hand, discursive prose.
……
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LorneZhou (justacupofyogurt) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我本人讨厌的不是羽生结弦的技术和公众形象，而是他的fandom
但是刚才看到一个奇怪的视角
突然有点明白了自己在网络上的处境。
……
- 1000004785.jpg(917.9KB)
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on account of
Because of; for the sake of: "We got married on account of the baby" (Anne Tyler).
这里account是原因的意思
the root of suffering is not birth/life
It's wrong thinking
There are many things that have life like human beings, but live a higher happiness than human beings (even if it is happiness defined by human standards).
Cats, dogs, horses, trees
And the most interesting thing is, there's no one in this room who doesn't consciously feel that they're nobler than the four above, right?
This contradiction between self-styled nobility and actual suffering is a common example of misthinking, a casual example
The most interesting is that Schopenhauer knew this at the level of consciousness, and in his text he wrote about the happy life of animals, described the feelings and the happiness of returning to nature, and flogged the suffering of civilization. But whether he would do that at the level of his behavior is another matter.
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我永远记不起来背单词。
atonement is null.
stop it .
……
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见到我发帖请让我滚去床上躺着，因为早起七点半，会遇到上帝在花园里喂祂的白孔雀。
there is no essential difference between loving oneself and loving others, because by definition, oneself and others are inherently mutually defined.
You have to be vigilant and always cheer up, because you are self-destructive, even if it is just a tendency, it will be a disservice to your family.
yes
Saint-Saëns! That makes sense
Let's go listen to "The Aquarium."
After listening to it, I still clearly feel the difference between this and my big Xiao Xiao: Saint-Saëns can please the audience, he is in harmony with the environment when he creates, and he will undoubtedly succeed. But Xiao Xiao was in a high degree of disharmony, and he threw the ruins of his heart directly in the audience's face.
Then I looked at the comment section, and someone said that Saint-Saëns was depicting an objective Aquarium, well, that's right. There is water and a glass case. Either way, it's something that exists objectively.
Xiao Xiao's world is completely subjective, it may be a weapon that he has built brick by brick to resist external reality, a complete dream, the more realistic the dream, of course, the more powerful and mature the weapon, although the first to stab at himself. Xiao Xiao is of course very great, he can open the door of another world and is the builder of another world. He is the absurd when reason has reached its extreme and begins to turn weak (fantastic/incredible/ridiculous)
As I explained earlier, the first time I listened to Xiao Xiao, I was also in a state of dissonance.
[Katia plays Bach's "Sheep Eat Grass Safely" BWV208-Bilibili] https://b23.tv/Z6XxXIB
↑ There is no recommendation that is directly related.
And then he went around and around, and Sokolov looked like a man, but his fingers were different, and it was so torturous that the image and the music alone could be taken out in seconds.
[What is the fairy playing the piano? ] - Sokolov high-energy fragment arrangement - Bilibili] https://b23.tv/PZboTdE
↑ Thunderbolt with Bach to smash the waves into the audience.
[Suoshen BWV825, I cried when I heard it-Bilibili] https://b23.tv/zJ1ptG4
↑ After a minute, I was bored, but the next minute was two angels seducing people by the sleeves and taking them to heaven. You can feel a pair of light feet landing on the stairway to heaven and gradually ascending. Listening to it, tears also smashed out of his eyes.
In addition, 0 of make crazy love my cheeks hurt so much. I was pumped out of mumps by Mr. Ma.
LorneZhou (justacupofyogurt) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
on account of
Because of; for the sake of: "We got married on account of the baby" (Anne Tyler).
这里account是原因的意思
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见到我发帖请让我滚去床上躺着，因为早起七点半，会遇到上帝在花园里喂祂的白孔雀。
impose on 利用；欺骗；施加影响于
impose a fine 处以罚款
LorneZhou (justacupofyogurt) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
there is no essential difference between loving oneself and loving others, because by definition, oneself and others are inherently mutually defined.
You have to be vigilant and always cheer up, because you are self-destructive, even if it is just a tendency, it will be a disservice to your family.
yes
……
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见到我版聊请让我滚去床上坐下，因为早起七点半，会遇到上帝在花园里喂孔雀。
在英语中，"in-", "un-", 和 "non-" 都是常见的前缀，它们可以用来构成形容词，表示否定或相反的意义。以下是一些规则和例子：
1. "in-" 前缀：
通常用于形容词，表示“不”或“无”的意思。
例子：inaccurate（不准确的）、inadequate（不充分的）、incomplete（不完整的）、incorrect（不正确的）。
2. "un-" 前缀：
也用于形容词，表示“不”或“非”的意思，有时也用于动词表示“取消”或“逆转”某个动作。
例子：uncertain（不确定的）、uncomfortable（不舒服的）、unusual（不寻常的）、unfair（不公平的）。
3. "non-" 前缀：
用于形容词，表示“非”或“无”的意思，通常用于更正式的语境。
例子：non-toxic（无毒的）、non-partisan（无党派的）、non-alcoholic（无酒精的）、non-smoker（不吸烟者）。
哪些形容词能加 "in-" 前缀：
通常，"in-" 前缀用于那些以 "e" 结尾的词，或者那些听起来更自然的词。
哪些形容词能加 "un-" 前缀：
"un-" 前缀更灵活，可以用于各种词根，尤其是那些以辅音开头的词。
哪些形容词能加 "non-" 前缀：
"non-" 前缀通常用于那些需要强调“非”或“无”的正式语境，或者在某些特定的术语中。
需要注意的是，并不是所有的词都可以自由地添加这些前缀。有些词可能不接受这些前缀，或者添加前缀后可能会改变词义或变得不自然。
此外，有些词可能同时存在 "in-", "un-", 和 "non-" 形式，但意义可能略有不同。例如，"inflammable"（易燃的）和 "flammable"（可燃的）在某些语境中可以互换，但 "non-flammable"（不易燃的）则明确表示不具有可燃性。
LorneZhou (justacupofyogurt) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
impose on 利用；欺骗；施加影响于
impose a fine 处以罚款
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见到我版聊请让我滚去床上坐下，因为早起七点半，会遇到上帝在花园里喂孔雀。
to assert the existence of a form not only of good but of anything else is a mere idle abstraction
(ARIS)断言空洞抽象 不仅存在一种善的形式，而且存在任何其他形式，都只是一种空洞的抽象
the existence of a form of good
the existence of a behavior of good
LorneZhou (蔷) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
我永远记不起来背单词。
atonement is null.
stop it .
……
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上帝每天早晨六点半在花园里喂孔雀。
make a fuss about an imaginary illness] 比喻没有忧伤而发出慨叹,也比喻诗文矫揉造作,缺乏真情实感
“无病呻吟”
LorneZhou (justacupofyogurt) 在 ta 的帖子中提到：
to assert the existence of a form not only of good but of anything else is a mere idle abstraction
(ARIS)断言空洞抽象 不仅存在一种善的形式，而且存在任何其他形式，都只是一种空洞的抽象
the existence of a form of good
……